ABSTRACT
Introducción: El síndrome del túnel carpiano es una de las causas más frecuentes de dolor crónico, su mayor incidencia está entre la quinta y sexta década de la vida; en Colombia tiene una alta incidencia, llegando al 14 por ciento especialmente en cierto grupo de trabajadores. El abordaje terapéutico incluye tratamiento médico y quirúrgico; en la actualidad ha sido ampliamente discutida la elección entre método endoscópico y cirugía abierta como primera línea de tratamiento. Objetivo: Desarrollar una revisión acerca de los aspectos clínicos y las diferentes opciones de abordaje terapéutico del síndrome del túnel carpiano a través de una exploración de la literatura científica existente. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed, ScienceDirect y Lilacs con las palabras clave indexadas en el DeCS. Conclusión: El síndrome de túnel carpiano es una entidad común con un impacto clínico importante en la vida del paciente, su sintomatología y sus complicaciones afectan las actividades diarias de quien lo padece; el abordaje terapéutico de esta enfermedad se establece comúnmente de forma escalonada, el abordaje quirúrgico es un tema ampliamente discutido; sin embargo, no hay evidencia contundente que establezca una de las opciones quirúrgicas como la definitiva(AU)
Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the most frequent causes of chronic pain, with its highest incidence between the fifth and sixth decades of life; in Colombia, it has a high incidence, reaching 14 percent especially in a certain group of workers. The therapeutic approach includes medical and surgical treatment; currently, the choice between the endoscopic method or open surgery as the first line of treatment has been widely discussed. Objective: To develop a review of the clinical aspects and the different options of therapeutic approach for carpal tunnel syndrome, through an exploration of the existing scientific literature. Methods: A search was carried out in the SciELO, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Lilacs databases, using the keywords indexed in the DeCS. Conclusion: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common entity with an important clinical impact on the patient's life; its symptomatology and complications affect the daily activities of those who suffer from it. The therapeutic approach to this disease is commonly established in a stepwise manner; the surgical approach is a widely discussed topic. However, there is no conclusive evidence that establishes one of the surgical options as the definitive one/AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/diagnosis , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/epidemiology , Orthopedic Procedures/methodsABSTRACT
La fijación interna combinada con artroplastia en pacientes de edad avanzada, está indicada en fracturas acetabulares complejas inveteradas, artrosis preexistente, luxación inveterada, Impactación supero-medial de la cúpula acetabular, la finalidad de la cirugía es lograr la fijación de la columna anterior, columna posterior, lamina cuadrilátera y pared posterior para proporcionar estabilidad adecuada al componente acetabular y restaurar el centro de rotación de la cadera. Debido a la complejidad de estas lesiones, se decide presentar el siguiente caso clínico, que corresponde una paciente femenina de 70 años, quien posterior a traumatismo de baja energía presenta fractura inveterada compleja con patrón en T de Acetábulo de 8 meses de evolución. El Objetivo es: Evaluar los resultados del tratamiento de las fracturas acetabulares complejas en pacientes de edad avanzada con reducción abierta más fijación interna combinada con artroplastia total de cadera. Se realiza en un 1er tiempo: Abordaje Ilioinguinal, ORIF con placa de reconstrucción 3,5 mm para CA, 2do Tiempo: Abordaje de Kocher Langenbeck, ORIF con placa de reconstrucción 3,5 mm para CP y PP. 3er Tiempo: ATC izquierda primaria no cementada, con aporte biológico de injerto óseo autologo. Resultado: Se restableció la integridad de las líneas acetabulares, reducción anatómica según Matta, índice de Harris hip score de 88 puntos. Se concluye que el procedimiento combinado de ORIF mas ATC es el tratamiento ideal de las fracturas acetabulares complejas inveteradas en pacientes de edad avanzada(AU)
Internal fixation combined with arthroplasty in elderly patients is indicated in inveterate complex acetabular fractures, preexisting osteoarthritis, inveterate dislocation, supero medial impaction of the acetabular dome, the purpose of surgery is to achieve fixation of the anterior column (AC), posterior column (PC), quadrilateral plate, and posterior wall (PP) to provide adequate stability to the acetabular component and restore the hip center of rotation. Due to the complexity of these injuries, it is decided to present the following clinical case, which corresponds to a 70-year-old female patient, who, after a low-energy trauma, presents a complex inveterate fracture with a T-pattern of the acetabulum of 8 months of evolution. The Objective is: To evaluate the results of the treatment of complex acetabular fractures in elderly patients with open reduction plus internal fixation (ORIF) combined with total hip arthroplasty (THA). It is performed in a 1st stage: Ilioinguinal approach, ORIF with 3.5 mm reconstruction plate for (CA), 2nd Stage: Kocher Langenbeck approach, ORIF with 3.5 mm reconstruction plate for (CP) and (PP). 3rd Time: Uncemented primary left THA, with biological contribution of autologous bone graft. Result: The integrity of the acetabular lines was restored, anatomical reduction according to Matta, Harris hip score index of 88 points. It is concluded that the combined procedure (ORIF plus ATC) is the ideal treatment of inveterate complex acetabular fractures in elderly patients(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Orthopedic Procedures , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Open Fracture ReductionABSTRACT
Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by unregulated and clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow; these cells produce and secrete an anomalous monoclonal immunoglobulin, or a fragment of this, called M protein. The clinical manifestations of MM result from the proliferation of these plasmocytes, the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulin and the suppression of normal humoral immunity, leading to hypercalcemia, bone destruction, renal failure, suppression of hematopoiesis and humoral immunity, increasing the risk for the development of infections. The increase in life expectancy of the world population led to a concomitant increase in the prevalence of MM, a pathology that usually affects the elderly population. The aim of this review is to update the reader on epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis with other monoclonal gam-mopathies, systemic treatment and prognosis of MM.
Resumo O mieloma múltiplo (MM) constitui neoplasia maligna de origem hematológica caracterizada pela proliferação desregulada e clonal de plasmócitos na medula óssea; estas células produzem e secretam imunoglobulina monoclonal anômala, ou um fragmento desta, denominado proteína M. As manifestações clínicas do MM decorrem da proliferação destes plasmócitos, da produção excessiva de imunoglobulina monoclonal e da supressão da imunidade humoral normal, levando à hipercalcemia, destruição óssea, insuficiência renal, supressão da hematopoiese e da imunidade humoral,aumentandooriscoparaodesenvolvimento de infecções. O aumento na expectativa de vida da população mundial levou a concomitante incremento na prevalência do MM, patologia que habitualmente acomete a população idosa. O objetivo desta revisão é atualizar o leitor sobre a epidemiologia, critérios diagnósticos, diagnóstico diferencial com outras gamopatias monoclonais, tratamento sistêmico e prognóstico do MM.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Orthopedic Procedures , Diphosphonates/therapeutic use , Prophylactic Surgical Procedures , Fractures, Spontaneous/diagnostic imaging , Multiple Myeloma/radiotherapyABSTRACT
Abstract The increase in life expectancy of the world population has led to a concomitant increase in the prevalence of multiple myeloma (MM), a disease that usually affects the elderly population. Bone lesions are frequent in patients with this condition, demanding an early approach, from drug treatment, through radiotherapy to orthopedic surgery (prophylactic or therapeutic) with the objective of preventing or delaying the occurrence of fracture, or, when this event has already occurred, treat it through stabilization or replacement (lesions located in the appendicular skeleton) and/or promote stabilization and spinal cord decompression (lesions located in the axial skeleton), providing rapid pain relief, return to ambulation and resocialization, returning quality of life to patients. The aim of this review isto update the reader on the findings of pathophysiology, clinical, laboratory and imaging, differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach of multiple myeloma multiple myeloma bone disease (MMBD).
Resumo O aumento da expectativa devida da população mundial levou a incremento concomitante na prevalência de mieloma múltiplo (MM), patologia que geralmente afeta a população idosa. Lesões ósseas são frequentes nos portadores desta condição, demandando abordagem precoce, desde o tratamento medicamentoso, passando pela radioterapia até a cirurgia ortopédica (profilática ou terapêutica) com os objetivos de prevenir ou retardar a ocorrência de fratura, ou, quando este evento já ocorreu, tratá-la mediante estabilização ou substituição (lesões situadas no esqueleto apendicular) e/ou promover estabilização e descompressão medular (lesões situadas no esqueleto axial), proporcionando rápido alívio da dor, retorno à deambulação e ressocialização, devolvendo a qualidade de vida aos pacientes. O objetivo desta revisão é atualizar o leitor sobre a fisiopatologia, a clínica, exames laboratoriais e de imagem, diagnóstico diferencial e abordagem terapêutica da doença óssea no mieloma múltiplo (DOMM).
Subject(s)
Humans , Radiotherapy , Orthopedic Procedures , Diphosphonates , Prophylactic Surgical Procedures , Fractures, Spontaneous , Multiple MyelomaABSTRACT
Abstract Objective To evaluate a proposed three-dimensional (3D) printing process of a biomodel developed with the aid of fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology based on computed tomography (CT) scans of an individual with nonunion of a coronal femoral condyle fracture (Hoffa's fracture). Materials and Methods Thus, we used CT scans, which enable the evaluation of the 3D volumetric reconstruction of the anatomical model, as well as of the architecture and bone geometry of sites with complex anatomy, such as the joints. In addition, it enables the development of the virtual surgical planning (VSP) in a computer-aided design (CAD) software. This technology makes it possible to print full-scale anatomical models that can be used in surgical simulations for training and in the choice of the best placement of the implant according to the VSP. In the radiographic evaluation of the osteosynthesis of the Hoffa's fracture nonunion, we assessed the position of the implant in the 3D-printed anatomical model and in the patient's knee. Results The 3D-printed anatomical model showed geometric and morphological characteristics similar to those of the actual bone. The position of the implants in relation to the nonunion line and anatomical landmarks showed great accuracy in the comparison of the patient's knee with the 3D-printed anatomical model. Conclusion The use of the virtual anatomical model and the 3D-printed anatomical model with the additive manufacturing (AM) technology proved to be effective and useful in planning and performing the surgical treatment of Hoffa's fracture nonunion. Thus, it showed great accuracy in the reproducibility of the virtual surgical planning and the 3D-printed anatomical model.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar uma proposta de processo de impressão tridimensional (3D) de um biomodelo preparado com o auxílio da tecnologia de modelagem por deposição de material fundido (fused deposition modeling, FDM, em inglês) a partir de imagens de tomografia computadorizada (TC) de um indivíduo com pseudartrose de fratura coronal do côndilo femoral (fratura de Hoffa). Materiais e Métodos Para tanto, utilizamos imagens de TC, que permitem estudar a reconstrução volumétrica 3D do modelo anatômico, além da arquitetura e geometria óssea de sítios de anatomia complexa, como as articulações. Também permite o planejamento cirúrgico virtual (PCV) em um programa de desenho assistido por computador (computer-aided design, CAD, em inglês). Essa tecnologia possibilita a impressão de modelos anatômicos em escala real que podem ser utilizados em simulações cirúrgicas para o treinamento e a escolha do melhor posicionamento do implante de acordo com o PCV. Na avaliação radiográfica da osteossíntese da pseudartrose de Hoffa, verificou-se a posição do implante no modelo anatômico impresso em 3D e no joelho do paciente. Resultados O modelo anatômico impresso em 3D apresentou características geométricas e morfológicas semelhantes às do osso real. O posicionamento dos implantes em relação à linha de pseudartrose e pontos anatômicos foram bastante precisos na comparação do joelho do paciente com o modelo anatômico impresso em 3D. Conclusão A utilização do modelo anatômico virtual e do modelo anatômico impresso em 3D com a tecnologia de manufatura aditiva (MA) foi eficaz e auxiliou o planejamento e a realização do tratamento cirúrgico da pseudartrose da fratura de Hoffa. Desta forma, foi bastante preciso na reprodutibilidade do planejamento cirúrgico tanto virtual quanto no modelo anatômico impresso em 3D.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pseudarthrosis , Orthopedic Procedures , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Hoffa Fracture/surgeryABSTRACT
Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of resident involvement on acute complication rates in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database, 1,743 revision THAs were identified from 2008 to 2012; 949 of them involved a resident physician. Demographic information including gender and race, comorbidities including lung disease, heart disease and diabetes, operative time, length of stay, and acute postoperative complications within 30 days were analyzed. Results Resident involvement was not associated with a significant increase in the risk of acute complications. Total operative time demonstrated a statistically significant association with the involvement of a resident (161.35 minutes with resident present, 135.07 minutes without resident; p< 0.001). There was no evidence that resident involvement was associated with a longer hospital stay (5.61 days with resident present, 5.22 days without resident; p= 0.46). Conclusion Involvement of an orthopedic resident during revision THA does not appear to increase short-term postoperative complication rates, despite a significant increase in operative times.
Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a influência do envolvimento dos residentes nas taxas de complicações agudas na revisão da artroplastia total do quadril (ATQ). Métodos Utilizando o banco de dados do American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP, na sigla em inglês), foram identificadas 1.743 revisões de ATQs entre 2008 e 2012; 949 delas envolveram um médico residente. Foram analisadas informações demográficas, incluindo gênero e raça, comorbidades, incluindo doenças pulmonares, doenças cardíacas e diabetes, tempo de permanência e complicações agudas pós-operatórias no prazo de 30 dias. Resultados O envolvimento dos residentes não foi associado a um aumento significativo no risco de complicações agudas. O tempo de operação total demonstrou associação estatisticamente significativa com o envolvimento de um residente (161,35 minutos com residente presente, 135,07 minutos sem residente; p< 0,001). Não houve evidência de que o envolvimento do residente tenha sido associado a um maior tempo de internação hospitalar (5,61 dias com residente presente, 5,22 dias sem residente; p= 0,46). Conclusão O envolvimento de um residente ortopédico durante a revisão da ATQ não parece aumentar as taxas de complicações pós-operatórias de curto prazo, apesar de um aumento significativo nos tempos operacionais.
Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications , Orthopedic Procedures , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Internship and ResidencyABSTRACT
Purpose: Bone repair aims to restore the anatomical, biomechanical, and functional integrity of the affected structure. Here we study the effects of ascorbic acid (AA) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) applied in a single dose and in combination on the repair of a noncritical bone defect model. Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups: an intact G-1 control group, and three groups that underwent a noncritical bone defect in the right tibia: G-2 treated with AA, G-3 treated with EGF, and G-4 treated with AA in combination with EGF. After 21 days of treatment, rats were sacrificed, the tibias were dissected and a destructive biomechanical analysis of three-point flexion test was performed in a universal testing machine; the values of stiffness, resistance, maximum energy, and energy at maximum load were statistically compared. Results: G-3 and G-4 recovered the biomechanical properties of strength and stiffness of an intact tibia 3 weeks after their application. Not so the energy and energy at maximum load. For G-2, only the stiffness of an intact tibia was recovered. Conclusion: EGF and AA-EGF applied to a noncritical bone defect in the rat tibia favors the recovery of bone resistance and stiffness.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Ascorbic Acid/analysis , Tibia/surgery , Biocompatible Materials/analysis , Epidermal Growth Factor/drug effects , Biomechanical Phenomena , Orthopedic Procedures/methodsABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of orthopedic surgical resection surgery in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Methods: This retrospective cohort study collected clinical data of patients with NDMM who underwent surgery due to spinal cord compression or pathological long-bone fractures at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2021. Patients who received biopsy or vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty were excluded and patients with the same degree of bone disease and who did not undergo any surgical intervention were selected as controls. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and physical status (ECOG) scores, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared. Statistical analysis included the χ2-test, t-test, and Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Baseline data were compared between the surgical group (n=40 with 43 interventions) and the non-surgical group (n=80), and included sex, age, paraprotein type, International Staging System (ISS), number of lytic lesions, cytogenetic abnormalities, first-line treatment, and the proportion of patients receiving autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (all P>0.05). Serum M protein levels in the surgical group were significantly lower than those of the non-surgical group [(21.95±16.44) g/L vs. (36.18±20.85) g/L, P=0.005]. The surgical lesions involved the axial skeleton (79.1%, 34/43) or the extremities (20.9%, 9/43). VAS and ECOG scores improved significantly after surgery (VAS: 2.30±0.80 vs. 6.60±1.50, P<0.001; ECOG: 2.09±0.59 vs. 3.09±0.73, P<0.001). The median follow-up time was 51 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that the median PFS (25 vs. 29 months) and OS (46 vs. 60 months) were comparable between the surgical and non-surgical intervention groups (both P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that among patients with ISS Ⅰ or those who had received ASCT, PFS in the surgical group was similar to that of the non-surgical intervention group (both P>0.05), while OS was worse (P=0.005, 0.017). Patients with ISS Ⅱ/Ⅲ scores or without ASCT had similar PFS and OS between the surgical and non-surgical intervention groups (all P>0.05). Cox multivariate analysis suggested that ISS and ASCT were independent prognostic factors for OS (ISS: HR=0.42, 95%CI 0.19-0.93, P=0.031; ASCT: HR=0.41, 95%CI 0.18-0.97, P=0.041), while orthopedic surgery did not influence survival (P=0.233). Conclusion: For patients with NDMM, orthopedic surgical resection decreased bone-related complications and improved quality of life, but did not affect survival.
Subject(s)
Humans , Prognosis , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Retrospective Studies , Quality of Life , Transplantation, Autologous , Orthopedic Procedures , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effectiveness of a new point contact pedicle navigation template (referred to as "new navigation template" for simplicity) in assisting screw implantation in scoliosis correction surgery.@*METHODS@#Twenty-five patients with scoliosis, who met the selection criteria between February 2020 and February 2023, were selected as the trial group. During the scoliosis correction surgery, the three-dimensional printed new navigation template was used to assist in screw implantation. Fifty patients who had undergone screw implantation with traditional free-hand implantation technique between February 2019 and February 2023 were matched according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria as the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05) in terms of gender, age, disease duration, Cobb angle on the coronal plane of the main curve, Cobb angle at the Bending position of the main curve, the position of the apical vertebrae of the main curve, and the number of vertebrae with the pedicle diameter lower than 50%/75% of the national average, and the number of patients whose apical vertebrae rotation exceeded 40°. The number of fused vertebrae, the number of pedicle screws, the time of pedicle screw implantation, implant bleeding, fluoroscopy frequency, and manual diversion frequency were compared between the two groups. The occurrence of implant complications was observed. Based on the X-ray films at 2 weeks after operation, the pedicle screw grading was recorded, the accuracy of the implant and the main curvature correction rate were calculated.@*RESULTS@#Both groups successfully completed the surgeries. Among them, the trial group implanted 267 screws and fused 177 vertebrae; the control group implanted 523 screws and fused 358 vertebrae. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05) in terms of the number of fused vertebrae, the number of pedicle screws, the pedicle screw grading and accuracy, and the main curvature correction rate. However, the time of pedicle screw implantation, implant bleeding, fluoroscopy frequency, and manual diversion frequency were significantly lower in trial group than in control group ( P<0.05). There was no complications related to screws implantation during or after operation in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The new navigation template is suitable for all kinds of deformed vertebral lamina and articular process, which not only improves the accuracy of screw implantation, but also reduces the difficulty of operation, shortens the operation time, and reduces intraoperative bleeding.
Subject(s)
Humans , Orthopedic Procedures , Pedicle Screws , Retrospective Studies , Scoliosis/surgery , Spinal Fusion/methods , Spine , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methodsABSTRACT
Objective: To quantitatively evaluate the clinical effect of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) intra-articular injection for early and middle stage knee osteoarthritis(KOA) treatment by 3.0T MRI T2 mapping sequence. Methods: Clinical data of 26 patients with early or middle stage KOA who received treatment from April to December 2021 at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 8 patients were male and 18 were female,with age of (66.4±12.0)years(range:51 to 94 years). Four patients were bilateral KOA and 22 patients were unilateral KOA.All patients received PRP intra-articular injection. Patients underwent 3.0T MRI T2 mapping sequence scanning pre-treatment,3-month-after and 6-month-after treatment respectively. Those were used to measure and compare T2 values of medial and lateral femoral articular surface and patellofemoral articular surface. Visual analogue scale(VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were recorded and evaluated. The results were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test.The correlation between WOMAC scores and T2 values at pre-treatment and 6 months post-treatment was analyzed using Pearson correlation test. Results: After treatment, the patients' International Cartilage Regeneration＆Joint Preservation Society(ICRS) classification were partly improved(one case improved from grade Ⅲ to grade Ⅱ, one case improved from grade Ⅱ to grade Ⅰ),and all patients generally improved after treatment in clinical symptoms. Compared with pre-treatment,VAS and WOMAC scores of grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ of 6-month after treatment were declined significantly(all P<0.05).The T2 values of articular cartilage declined to varying degrees(the decrease in T2 values was about 2.06 ms in grade Ⅰ, 2.66 ms in grade Ⅱ, and 3.72 ms in grade Ⅲ).Three-month (VAS:4.8±1.3,WOMAC:21.5±4.0) and 6-month (VAS:4.2±1.4,WOMAC:17.2±2.9) after treatment, the VAS and WOMAC score were significantly higher than those before treatment (VAS:6.0±1.2, WOMAC:29.0±2.3) (F=48.846, F=346.746;both P<0.01). Multiple comparisons showed a statistically significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment VAS (P<0.01) and it also was significantly different between 3-month and 6-month post-treatment (P<0.01).At 3- and 6-month after treatment,WOMAC scores were significantly different from before treatment.And it also was significantly different between 3-month and 6-month post-treatment (P<0.01).There was a statistically significant improvement in T2 values of patellofemoral articular surface, medial and lateral femoral articular surface at pre-treatment((44.64±4.02)ms,(44.17±3.64)ms and(43.53±3.91)ms) and 3-month ((43.19±3.91)ms,(43.24±3.34)ms and (42.47±3.80)ms), 6-month ((41.49±3.64)ms,(41.83±3.15)ms and (41.10±3.42)ms) after treatment(F=148.845,F=73.657,F=86.268;all P<0.01).The results of the multiple comparisons showed a statistically significant difference in the T2 values of medial and lateral femoral articular surface and patellofemoral articular surface at each time point(all P<0.01).The Pearson correlation analysis suggested that the WOMAC score at pre-treatment was positively correlated with the medial condyle (r=0.856,P<0.01) and the patellofemoral joint surface T2 values (r=0.840,P<0.01);The WOMAC score at 6-month post-treatment was positively correlated with the medial condyle (r=0.731,P<0.01) and the patellofemoral joint surface T2 values (r=0.691,P<0.01). Conclusions: In the treatment of early and mid-stage KOA,MRI T2 mapping sequences are able to indicate the integrity of cartilage morphology and quantitatively evaluate cartilage repair. PRP has a good therapeutic effect on cartilage repair and reconstruction.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Orthopedic Procedures , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Magnetic Resonance ImagingABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the short-term outcomes of non-contact low-frequency ultrasonic debridement in treating periprosthetic joint infections(PJI). Methods: The clinical data of patients with PJI who met the eligibility criteria and were treated with non-contact low-frequency ultrasonic debridement from August 2021 to January 2022 at the Department of Orthopaedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were prospectively analyzed. PJI was defined according to the modified Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria in 2016. After mechanical debridement,an 8-mm handheld non-contact low-frequency ultrasound probe was used for ultrasonic debridement in the whole surgical area at a frequency of (25±5)kHz and power of 90% for 5 minutes. Each ultrasound lasted 10 seconds with 3-second intervals. The probe was repeatedly sonicated among all soft tissue,bone interface and metal prosthesis surface(patients underwent debridement,antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR)) in the surgical area. The femoral canal of the hip joint,the distal femoral canal and the posterior capsule of the knee were fully sonicated with a special right-angle probe. Before and after ultrasonic debridement,20 ml of liquid was extracted from each operation area and injected into aerobic and anaerobic culture bottles,respectively,for pathogen culture. Harris hip score and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score were used to evaluate clinical function. Treatment failure was defined as the recurrence of infection in the same joint. The patients were routinely followed up in the outpatient clinic at 1,3,and 6 months postoperatively and then annually with a deadline of August 2022. The paired t-test,rank sum,Mann-Whitney U or χ2 test was used to compare the observed data,and rates among multiple groups were compared using the Bonferroni approach. Results: A total of 45 patients were included in the study,including 21 men and 24 women with age of (65.8±15.2)years(range: 20 to 80 years) and body mass index of (29.3±4.2)kg/m2(range: 20.2 to 38.5 kg/m2). Twenty-eight patients (18 hips and 10 knees) underwent one-stage revision,and 17 cases (5 hips and 12 knees) underwent DAIR. Three of the patients (6.7%) had recurrent infections during follow-up. There were no intraoperative complications related to ultrasonic debridement (neurovascular and muscle injury,poor wound healing and fat liquefaction). Seventeen patients who received DAIR were followed for a median(M(IQR)) of 9(3) months,and two relapsed 3 weeks and 3 months post-operation,respectively. In addition,28 patients who underwent one-stage revision were followed for a median of 9(2) months,and one of the patients (3.6%,1/28) had a recurrence 6 months post-operation. The culture-positive rate of preoperative aspiration was 47.6% (20/42). The data of intraoperative soft tissue culture was 86.7% (39/45). The culture-positive rate of wound liquid before ultrasonic debridement was 46.7% (21/45). And the culture-positive rate after ultrasonic debridement was (75.6% (34/45)). After sonication,the culture-positive rate of explanted prostheses was 88.9% (40/45). There was a significant difference in culture-positive rates among all five cultures (χ2=35.483,P<0.01). Further pairwise comparison showed that the culture-positive rate of wound liquid after ultrasonic debridement was higher than that before ultrasonic debridement (χ2=7.901,P=0.005) but was not significantly different from the positive rates of other cultures (all P>0.05). The median number of colonies 24 hours after ultrasonic debridement(2 240 (1 310) CFU/ml,range: 310 to 3 140 CFU/ml) was significantly higher than that before debridement(450 (550) CFU/ml,range: 10 to 910 CFU/ml) (U=43, P=0.017). The post-operative Harris ((78.6±4.2)points,range:70.5 to 85.3 points) and HSS scores((76.4±4.8)points,range: 68.5 to 84.3 points) were significantly higher than the preoperative scores((46.0±9.8)points,range: 27.5 to 64.3 points;and (45.5±10.3)points,range: 27.6 to 63.1 points) (t=-14.6,t=-12.7;both P<0.01). Conclusions: Non-contact low-frequency ultrasonic debridement can increase the culture-positive rate and lead to a favorable short-term outcome. In addition,no complications are associated with using this new technique to treat PJI.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Debridement , Knee Joint , Orthopedic Procedures , Prospective Studies , UltrasonicsABSTRACT
In the past decades,a dramatic development of navigation technology in orthopaedic surgery has been witnessed. By assisting the localization of surgical region,verification of target bony structure,preoperative planning of fixation,intraoperative identification of planned entry point and direction of instruments or even automated insertion of implants,its ability and potential to reduce operation time,intraoperative radiation,surgical trauma,and improve accuracy has been proved. However,in contrast to the widespread use of navigation technology in arthroplasty,orthopaedic tumor,and spine surgery,its application in orthopaedic trauma is relatively less. In this manuscript,the main purpose is to introduce the technical principles of navigation devices,outline the current clinical application of navigation systems in orthopaedic trauma,analyze the current challenges confronting its further application in clinical practice and its prospect in the future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Orthopedics , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Operative TimeABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Objective: To study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on spine surgeries at a Reference Center for High Complexity Urgencies in Goiás. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was carried out based on data from medical records of patients undergoing spine surgery between September 2017 and September 2021. Volunteers were divided into two groups: before and during the pandemic, considering April 2020 as a starting point. The following was extracted from the medical records: age, gender, education, etiology, neurological deficit, region of the spine addressed, mechanism of trauma, fractured vertebrae, type of fracture, length of stay in the ICU, COVID test (PCR), and deaths. Student t, chi-square, and Fisher's exact statistical tests were used to compare the preand post-pandemic profiles. In addition, Spearman's correlation test was applied to verify the correlation between variables, considering p<0.05. Results: 388 medical records were analyzed, showing a 15% increase in spine surgeries during the pandemic. There was a significant difference in the etiology of surgeries (p=0.05), with lumbar trauma being more prevalent in men and also more cases of neurological deficits (p=0.001). There was also a reduction in the length of stay in the ICU (p=0.0001), which was lower during the pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not directly impact the number of surgeries performed at a Reference Hospital in High Complexity Urgencies in Goiás, but there was a prioritization of emergency surgeries. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective Study.
RESUMO: Objetivo: Estudar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nas cirurgias de coluna em um Centro de Referência em Urgências de Alta Complexidade em Goiás. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, observacional a partir de dados de prontuários médicos de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de coluna entre setembro de 2017 a setembro de 2021. Os voluntários foram divididos em dois grupos: antes da pandemia e durante a pandemia, considerando abril de 2020 como marco de início. Foram extraídos dos prontuários: idade, gênero, escolaridade, etiologia, déficit neurológico, região da coluna abordada, mecanismo de trauma, vértebras fraturadas, tipo de fratura, tempo de internação em UTI, teste de COVID (PCR) e óbitos. Utilizou-se os testes estatísticos T de Student, Qui quadrado e exato de Fisher para realizar a comparação entre o perfil pré e pós-pandemia. Além disso, foi aplicado o teste de correlação de Spearman para verificar a correlação entre as variáveis, considerando p<0,05. Resultados: Foram analisados 388 prontuários, constatando um aumento de 15% nas cirurgias de coluna durante a pandemia. Houve diferença significativa na etiologia das cirurgias (p=0,05), sendo mais prevalentes traumas lombares em homens e também mais casos de déficits neurológicos (p=0,001). Notou-se também uma redução no tempo de internação na UTI (p=0,0001), que foi menor durante a pandemia. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 não impactou diretamente na quantidade de cirurgias realizadas em um Hospital de Referência em Urgências de Alta Complexidade em Goiás, mas verificou-se uma priorização das cirurgias emergenciais. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo Retrospectivo.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Estudiar el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en las cirugías de columna en un Centro de Referencia para Urgencias de Alta Complejidad en Goiás. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo a partir de datos de historias clínicas de pacientes operados de la columna entre septiembre de 2017 y septiembre de 2021. Los voluntarios se dividieron en dos grupos: antes de la pandemia y durante la pandemia, considerando abril de 2020 como punto de partida. De las historias clínicas se extrajo: edad, sexo, escolaridad, etiología, déficit neurológico, región de la columna abordada, mecanismo del trauma, vértebras fracturadas, tipo de fractura, tiempo de estancia en la UCI, test COVID (PCR) y fallecidos. Se utilizaron las pruebas estadísticas t de Student, chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher para comparar el perfil pre y postpandemia. Además, se aplicó la prueba de correlación de Spearman para verificar la correlación entre las variables, considerando p<0,05. Resultados: se analizaron 388 historias clínicas, mostrando un aumento del 15% en las cirugías de columna durante la pandemia. Hubo una diferencia significativa en la etiología de las cirugías (p=0,05), siendo más frecuente el traumatismo lumbar en los hombres y también más casos de déficit neurológico (p=0,001). También hubo una reducción en la estancia en la UTI (p=0,0001), que fue menor durante la pandemia. Conclusión: La pandemia de COVID-19 no impactó directamente en el número de cirugías realizadas en un Hospital de Referencia en Urgencias de Alta Complejidad en Goiás, pero hubo una priorización de las cirugías de emergencia. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudio Retrospectivo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Spinal Injuries , Orthopedic Procedures , OrthopedicsABSTRACT
Introducción: El uso del sistema de barras magnéticas para el tratamiento de la escoliosis de comienzo temprano es un método utilizado en los últimos 10 años; su eficacia está respaldada por la bibliografía, pero no está exento de complicaciones. Objetivo: Analizar retrospectivamente una serie de 37 pacientes tratados con barras magnéticas en escoliosis de comienzo temprano. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo entre 2014 y 2019. Se dividió a los pacientes en: grupo 1 (procedimientos primarios con barras magnéticas) y grupo 2 (conversiones de sistema tradicional a barras magnéticas). Resultados: Se incluyó a 19 niñas y 18 niños (edad promedio 8 años al operarse), las etiologías fueron variadas. Entre el grupo 1 (n = 28) y el grupo 2 (n = 9), el seguimiento promedio posoperatorio fue de 3.6 años. El valor angular promedio preoperatorio de escoliosis era de 64° (rango 39°-101°) y el de cifosis, de 51° (rango 7°-81°). El valor angular promedio de escoliosis en el posoperatorio inmediato fue de 41° (rango 17°-80°) y el de cifosis, de 34° (rango 7°-82°). Se produjeron 2 roturas de barra y una cifosis de unión proximal, 2 aflojamientos de tornillos proximales, una falla del sistema de distracción de barras magnéticas y una infección del sitio quirúrgico. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados preliminares, aunque son a corto plazo, sugieren que la barra magnética podría ser un método eficaz en este tipo de enfermedad. Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Introduction: Magnetic Expansion Control (MAGEC) Spinal Growing Rods are a novel treatment for early-onset scoliosis (EOS). Although its efficacy is supported by the literature, it is not without complications. Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze a series of 37 cases treated with MAGEC between 2014 to 2019. We performed a retrospective study and divided the population into two groups: GI (primary procedures with MAGEC) and GII (conversions from traditional system to MAGEC). Results: The study included 19 girls and 18 boys with a mean age of 8 years and a variety of etiologies. The average postoperative follow-up time for Group I (n=28) and Group II (n=9) was 3.6 years. The average preoperative angular value (AV) of scoliosis was 64° (39°-101°) and kyphosis 51° (7°-81°). The postoperative scoliosis AV was 41° (17°-80°) and kyphosis 34° (7°-82°). We found 2 rod ruptures and one proximal union kyphosis, two proximal screw loosenings, one MAGEC distraction system failure, and one surgical site infection. Conclusions: Although our preliminary results are short term, they suggest that MAGEC could be an effective method. Level of Evidence: IV
Subject(s)
Child , Scoliosis , Spinal Curvatures , Orthopedic Procedures , MagnetsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Objective: This scientific article describes a retrospective longitudinal study that aimed to compare the outcomes and mechanical complications between patients who underwent the use of either structural allograft (SA) or titanium cage (TC) for vertebral body replacement in the management of tuberculosis in thoracic and lumbar segments. Methods: The sample consisted of 22 cases of vertebral tuberculosis surgically treated, of which 17 cases applied TC containing autograft, and five cases applied SA from a tissue bank. The median age in group A was 32.1, and in group B was 5.2. Results: The results showed no statistical difference in the number of resected vertebrae, the amount of instrumented levels, and the correction of the angular value in coronal and sagittal planes as per Cobb method. Furthermore, there were no cases of subsidence, fracture, or displacement of SA or TC until the last postoperative follow-up. However, in group A, four cases of metal rod fracture, one case of proximal junctional failure, and three cases of operative wound infection were identified, all of which improved after debridement and antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: It was concluded that both SA and TC filled with autologous bone for anterior column support and vertebral body replacement in treating tuberculosis presented similar postoperative correction outcomes with similar rates of postoperative mechanical complications. Future studies with larger samples and longer follow-up periods are necessary to evaluate the occurrence of rod fracture. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study.
RESUMO: Objetivo: Este artigo científico descreve um estudo longitudinal retrospectivo que teve como objetivo comparar os resultados e as complicações mecânicas entre pacientes que foram submetidos ao uso de aloenxerto estrutural (AE) ou gaiola de titânio (GT) para substituição do corpo vertebral no manejo da tuberculose em segmentos torácico e lombar. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 22 casos de tuberculose vertebral tratados cirurgicamente, sendo que em 17 casos foram utilizadas GT contendo autoenxerto e em cinco casos foi utilizado AE de banco de tecidos. A mediana da idade do grupo A foi 32,1 e do grupo B foi 5,2. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença estatística no número de vértebras ressecadas, quantidade de níveis instrumentados e correção do valor angular nos planos coronal e sagital pelo método de Cobb. Além disso, não houve casos de subsidência, quebra ou deslocamento do AE ou GT até o último seguimento pós-operatório. No entanto, no grupo A foram encontrados quatro casos de quebra das hastes metálicas, um caso de falha juncional proximal e três casos de infecção de ferida operatória, que evoluíram bem após desbridamento e antibioticoterapia. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o AE e a GT preenchida com osso autólogo para o suporte anterior da coluna e substituição de corpos vertebrais no tratamento da tuberculose apresentaram resultados semelhantes na correção pós-operatória, com taxas de complicações mecânicas pós-operatórias semelhantes. Estudos futuros com maior casuística e seguimento são necessários para avaliar a quebra de hastes. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo retrospectivo comparativo.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Este artículo científico describe un estudio longitudinal retrospectivo cuyo objetivo era comparar los resultados y las complicaciones mecánicas entre los pacientes que se sometieron al uso de aloinjerto estructural (AE) o jaula de titanio (JT) para la sustitución del cuerpo vertebral en el tratamiento de la tuberculosis en los segmentos torácico y lumbar. Métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 22 casos de tuberculosis vertebral tratados quirúrgicamente, de los cuales 17 casos recibieron JT con autoinjerto, y cinco AE de banco de tejidos. La mediana de edad del grupo A fue de 32,1 años, y del grupo B de 5,2 años. Resultados: No hubo diferencia estadística en el número de vértebras extirpadas, la cantidad de niveles instrumentados y la corrección del valor angular en los planos coronal y sagital mediante el método de Cobb. Además, no hubo casos de subsidencia, rotura o desplazamiento del AE o JT hasta el último seguimiento postoperatorio. Sin embargo, en el grupo A se encontraron cuatro casos de rotura de las varillas metálicas, un caso de fallo en la unión proximal, y tres casos de infección de herida operatoria que requirieron desbridamiento y antibioticoterapia. Conclusión: El AE y las JT rellenas de hueso autólogo, para el soporte anterior de columna en sustitución de cuerpos vertebrales por tuberculosis, presentaron resultados similares en la corrección postoperatoria con tasas de complicaciones mecánicas postoperatorias similares. Se necesitan estudios futuros con una mayor casuística y seguimiento para confirmar estas conclusiones. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio Retrospectivo Comparativo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Orthopedics , Orthopedic ProceduresABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Objective: Postoperative readmission rates can be used to assess hospital care quality. The rates of unplanned readmission within 30 days after spine surgery are variable in the literature, and no studies have evaluated such rates in a single Latin American center. This study aimed to assess the rate of unplanned hospital readmission within 30 days after a spine surgery at a single Brazilian institution and to identify possible risk factors. Methods: Patients who underwent spine surgery at a single private hospital between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and those with unplanned readmissions within 30 days of discharge were identified. Risk factors were determined, and the reoperation rate was assessed. Results: 650 patients were included in the analysis, and 74 (11.28%) were readmitted within 30 days after surgery. Higher readmission rates were observed after vertebroplasty and surgeries involving spinal or bone tumors. The risk factors found in the series were older age, longer hospital stays, higher ASA scores, instrumented surgeries, diabetes mellitus, and surgeries involving primary or secondary spinal tumors. The most common causes of unplanned readmission were infection and pain. Of the readmissions, 28.37% required a return to the operating room. Conclusions: This study suggests infection and pain management were the most common causes of unplanned readmission after spine surgery. Strategies to improve perioperative and postoperative care are required to reduce unplanned readmissions. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Comparative Study.
RESUMO: Objetivo: As taxas de readmissão pós-operatórias podem ser usadas para avaliação da qualidade assistencial hospitalar. As taxas de readmissão não planejada em 30 dias após cirurgias de coluna são variáveis na literatura, e não há estudos avaliando tais taxas em centros únicos da América Latina. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as taxas de readmissões não planejadas em 30 dias após cirurgias de coluna em uma única instituição brasileira e identificar possíveis fatores de risco. Métodos: Pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de coluna em um único hospital privado entre janeiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2020 foram avaliados retrospectivamente, e aqueles readmitidos dentro de 30 dias foram identificados. Fatores de risco foram determinados e a taxa de reoperação foi avaliada. Resultados: 650 pacientes foram incluídos na análise, e 74 (11,28%) foram readmitidos dentro de 30 dias após a cirurgia. Maiores taxas de readmissão foram observadas após vertebroplastia e cirurgias envolvendo tumores espinhais ou tumores ósseos. Os fatores de risco encontrados em nossa série foram idade mais elevada, maior tempo de hospitalização, maior escore ASA, cirurgias com instrumentação, diabetes mellitus e cirurgias envolvendo tumores vertebrais primários ou secundários. As causas mais comuns de readmissão não planejada foram infecção e dor. Dentre os pacientes reinternados, 28,37% necessitaram de reoperação. Conclusões: Este estudo sugere que infecção e manejo de dor foram as causas mais comuns de readmissão não planejada após cirurgias de coluna. Estratégias para melhorar os cuidados pre e pós-operatórios são necessárias para reduzir readmissões não planejadas. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Retrospectivo Comparativo.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Las tasas de reingreso después de la cirugía de columna son variables y ningún estudio ha evaluado tales tasas en un solo centro latinoamericano. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la tasa de reingreso hospitalario no planificado dentro de los 30 días posteriores a la cirugía de columna en una sola institución brasileña e identificar posibles factores de riesgo. Métodos: Se analizaron retrospectivamente los pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía de columna en un solo hospital entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2020, y se identificaron aquellos con reingresos no planificados dentro de los 30 días posteriores al alta. Se determinaron los factores de riesgo y se evaluó la tasa de reoperación. Resultados: En el análisis se incluyeron un total de 650 pacientes, y 74 (11,28%) reingresaron dentro de los 30 días posteriores a la cirugía. Se observaron tasas de reingreso más altas después de la vertebroplastia y las cirugías que involucraron tumores espinales u óseos. Los factores de riesgo encontrados en nuestra serie fueron la edad avanzada, la estancia hospitalaria más prolongada, las puntuaciones ASA más altas, las cirugías instrumentadas, la diabetes mellitus y las cirugías de tumores espinales. Las causas más frecuentes de reingreso fueron la infección y el dolor. De los reingresos, el 28,37% requirieron volver al quirófano. Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere que la infección y el manejo del dolor fueron las causas más comunes de reingreso. Se requieren estrategias para mejorar la atención perioperatoria y posoperatoria y así reducir las readmisiones no planificadas. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio comparativo retrospectivo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Orthopedics , Patient Readmission , Orthopedic ProceduresABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review to evaluate the impact of perioperative blood loss reduction and blood transfusion rate in patients undergoing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction surgery and to correlate these results with the different doses of tranexamic acid used in the literature. Ten databases (BVS, COCHRANE, EBSCOHOST, EMBASE, EPISTEMONIKOS, PROQUEST, PUBMED PMC, PUBMED, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE) were searched to find studies on the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in idiopathic scoliosis surgery. The mean differences in bleeding and transfusions were combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 17 studies with 1608 patients were included in the evaluation, demonstrating an Odds Ratio of 2.8 (95% CI: 0.8-4.3) as a measure of association for the risk of bleeding and transfusion in the control group (non-users of tranexamic acid), efficiency in reducing bleeding (p=0.03). Additionally, a mean reduction in bleeding of approximately 700 ml was observed. There was no statistical difference between the doses used. The systematic review showed that tranexamic acid effectively reduces bleeding and the need for transfusions, but there were no significant differences in the results between different doses of tranexamic acid. Level of Evidence II; Systematic Review.
RESUMO: O Objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura com finalidade de avaliar o impacto da redução de sangramento perioperatório e taxa de transfusão sanguínea em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de correção de escoliose idiopática do adolescente, e correlacionar esses resultados com as diferentes doses de ácido tranexâmico utilizadas na literatura. Foram pesquisados dez bancos de dados BVS, COCHRANE, EBSCOHOST, EMBASE, EPISTEMONIKOS, PROQUEST, PUBMED PMC, PUBMED, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE para encontrar estudos sobre a eficácia do ácido tranexâmico em cirurgia de escoliose idiopática. As diferenças médias de sangramento e transfusões foram combinadas usando uma meta-análise de efeito aleatório. Um total de 17 estudos com 1608 pacientes foi incluso na avaliação. Demonstrando Odds Ratio 2,8 (95% IC: 0,8-4,3) como medida de associação para risco de sangramento e transfusão no grupo de pacientes controle (não usuários de ácido tranexâmico), eficiência na redução de sangramento (p = 0,03). Ainda, verificou-se uma redução média no sangramento de aproximadamente 700 ml. Não houve diferença estatísticas entre as doses utilizadas. A revisão sistemática mostrou que o ácido tranexâmico é eficaz na redução do sangramento e na necessidade de transfusões, mas não houve diferenças significativas nos resultados entre diferentes doses de ácido tranexâmico. Nível de Evidência II; Revisão Sistemática.
RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura con el fin de evaluar el impacto de la reducción del sangrado perioperatorio y la tasa de transfusión sanguínea en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de corrección de escoliosis idiopática en adolescentes, y correlacionar estos resultados con las diferentes dosis de ácido tranexámico utilizadas en la literatura. Se investigó en diez bases de datos: BVS, COCHRANE, EBSCOHOST, EMBASE, EPISTEMONIKOS, PROQUEST, PUBMED PMC, PUBMED, SCOPUS y WEB OF SCIENCE para encontrar estudios sobre la eficacia del ácido tranexámico en la cirugía de escoliosis idiopática. Las diferencias medias de sangrado y transfusiones se combinaron utilizando un metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios. Un total de 17 estudios con 1608 pacientes fue incluido en la evaluación, demostrando una Odds Ratio de 2,8 (IC del 95%: 0,8-4,3) como medida de asociación para el riesgo de sangrado y transfusión en el grupo de control (no usuarios de ácido tranexámico) y eficacia en la reducción del sangrado (p = 0,03). Además, se observó una reducción promedio en el sangrado de aproximadamente 700 ml. No se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre las dosis utilizadas. La revisión sistemática mostró que el ácido tranexámico es efectivo en la reducción del sangrado y la necesidad de transfusiones, pero no hubo diferencias significativas en los resultados entre las diferentes dosis de ácido tranexámico. Level of Evidence II; Systematic Review.
Subject(s)
Humans , Orthopedics , Orthopedic Procedures , Perioperative PeriodSubject(s)
Humans , Orthopedics/history , Traumatology/history , Orthopedic Procedures/history , UruguayABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objectives: Evaluate the treatment outcome and the performance of the uCentum spinal fixation system in treating traumatic, degenerative, and tumoral diseases of the spine. Methods: This is a therapeutic study to investigate treatment outcomes and level of evidence III, including twenty-three adult patients of both sexes undergoing surgical treatment of degenerative (13 patients), traumatic (04 patients), or tumor diseases (06 patients). Patients were prospectively evaluated using clinical parameters: pain (visual analog scale), clinical and functional assessment questionnaires (SF-36, Oswestry and Roland-Morris), and radiological criteria (arthrodesis consolidation, loosening, breakage or deformation of the implants). Results: Twenty patients were followed for a period of 01 month to 12 month (mean 6,5±7,77). Three patients died due to complications unrelated to the primary disease (traumatic brain injury, septicemia, and lung tumor). Improvements were observed in clinical parameters and scores of the evaluation questionnaires used. No implant-related complications (breakage, loosening, deformation) were observed. Conclusion: the uCentum fixation system showed great versatility for performing the surgical treatment, allowing the performance of open, percutaneous procedures, the introduction of acrylic cement inside the implants, and conversion of polyaxial screws into monoaxial screws intraoperatively. Level of Evidence III; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the Results of Treatment.
Resumo: Objetivos: Avaliar o resultado do tratamento e o desempenho do sistema uCentum de fixação vertebral no tratamento de doenças traumáticas, degenerativas e tumorais da coluna vertebral. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo terapêutico de investigação dos resultados do tratamento e nível de evidência III, incluindo vinte e três pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico de doenças degenerativas (13 pacientes), traumáticas (04 pacientes) ou tumorais (06 pacientes). Os pacientes foram prospectivamente avaliados por meio de parâmetros clínicos: dor (escala visual analógica), questionários de avaliação clínica e funcional (SF-36, Oswestry e Roland-Morris), e critérios radiológicos (consolidação da artrodese, soltura, quebra ou deformação dos implantes). Resultados: vinte pacientes foram seguidos por um período de 01 a 12 meses (média 6,5 ± 7,77). Três pacientes foram a óbito devido a complicações não relacionadas com a doença primária (trauma cranioencefálico, septicemia e tumor pulmonar). Foi observada melhora dos parâmetros clínicos e escores dos questionários de avaliação utilizados. Não foram observadas complicações relacionadas com os implantes (quebra, soltura, deformação). Conclusão: o sistema de fixação uCentum apresentou grande versatilidade para a realização do tratamento cirúrgico, permitindo a realização de procedimentos abertos, percutâneos, introdução de cimento acrílico no interior dos implantes e conversão dos parafusos poliaxiais em monoaxiais no intra-operatório. Nível de Evidencia III; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
Resumen: Objetivos: Evaluar el resultado del tratamiento y el desempeño del sistema de fijación vertebral uCentum en el tratamiento de enfermedades traumáticas, degenerativas y tumorales de la columna vertebral. Métodos: Este es un estudio terapéutico para investigar los resultados del tratamiento y el nivel de evidencia III, que incluye veintitrés pacientes adultos de ambos sexos sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico de enfermedades degenerativas (13 pacientes), traumáticas (04 pacientes) o tumorales (06 pacientes). Los pacientes fueron evaluados prospectivamente mediante parámetros clínicos: dolor (escala analógica visual), cuestionarios de evaluación clínica y funcional (SF-36, Oswestry y Roland-Morris) y criterios radiológicos (consolidación de artrodesis, aflojamiento, rotura o deformación de los implantes). Resultados: veinte pacientes fueron seguidos durante un período de 1 a 12 meses (media 6,5 + 7,77). Tres pacientes fallecieron por complicaciones no relacionadas con la enfermedad primaria (lesión cerebral traumática, septicemia y tumor pulmonar). Se observaron mejoras en los parámetros clínicos y puntuaciones de los cuestionarios de evaluación utilizados. No se observaron complicaciones relacionadas con el implante (rotura, aflojamiento, deformación). Conclusión: el sistema de fijación uCentum mostró una gran versatilidad para realizar el tratamiento quirúrgico, permitiendo la realización de procedimientos abiertos, percutáneos, introducción de cemento acrílico en el interior de los implantes y conversión de los tornillos poliaxiales en tornillos monoaxiales en el intraoperatorio. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fracture Fixation , Orthopedic ProceduresABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the influence of the most used surgical positioners for lumbar lordosis (LL) in asymptomatic individuals. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on demographic data and radiographic parameters of asymptomatic individuals. For this study, 16 volunteers, 15 males, and one female were selected, and the average age was 24.6 years. They were submitted to lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine in orthostasis in use of the following positioners: gel cushion, gel cushion with hip extension, four-point Relton-Hall and Wilson-type positioner. Results: The mean LL in the orthostatic position was 58.76º, whereas in the gel cushion positioner it was 52.51; on the gel cushion with hip extension of 58.23º, Relton-Hall/4points 37.63º and, finally, on the Wilson-type positioner of 40.87º. An average reduction of 5.42º of the LL was observed when positioning on the gel cushion in relation to the orthostasis. In the linear regression analysis, the data presented statistically significant results (p<0.05), demonstrating that the L4-S1 segment influences 60% in LL. Conclusion: The positioner with gel cushion and hip extension reproduces an LL similar to physiological values. Relton-Hall and Wilson-type positioners with hip flexion promote hypolordotic positioning compared to basal lordosis in orthostasis. Hip extension alone generated a 5.96º increase in the subject's lordosis. The L4-S1 segment has a 60% influence on the LL when the individuals are in the positioners. Level of evidence III; Controlled cross-sectional study.
RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a influência dos posicionadores cirúrgicos na lordose lombar (LL) em indivíduos assintomáticos. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados demográficos e parâmetros radiográficos de indivíduos assintomáticos. Utilizamos 16 voluntários, sendo 15 do gênero masculino e uma do gênero feminino, com idade média de 24,6 anos. Foram submetidos a realização de radiografias em perfil da coluna lombar em ortostase nos seguintes posicionadores: coxim em gel, coxim em gel com extensão do quadril, Relton-Hall em quatro pontos e posicionador tipo Wilson. Resultados: A média de LL na posição ortostática foi de 58,76º, já no posicionador coxim em gel de 52,51; no coxim em gel com extensão dos quadris de 58,23º, Relton-Hall/4pontos 37,63º e, por último, no posicionador tipo Wilson, de 40,87º. Houve redução média de 5,42º da LL ao posicionar no coxim em gel em relação a ortostase, na análise de regressão linear os dados apresentaram resultados estaticamente significativos (p<0,05), demostrando que o seguimento L4-S1 apresenta uma influência de 60% na LL. Conclusão: O posicionador coxins em gel e extensão do quadril reproduz uma LL semelhante à fisiológica. Posicionadores do tipo Relton-Hall e Wilson com flexão do quadril promovem um posicionamento hipolordótico comparada a lordose basal em ortostase. A extensão do quadril por si só foi capaz de gerar um aumento de 5,96º na lordose do indivíduo. O seguimento L4-S1 apresenta uma influência de 60% na LL quando os indivíduos estão nos posicionadores. Nível de Evidência III; Estudo Transversal Controlado.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de los posicionadores quirúrgicos para la lordosis lumbar (LL) en individuos asintomáticos. Métodos: Estudio transversal con datos demográficos y parámetros radiográficos de individuos asintomáticos. Utilizamos 16 voluntarios, 15 hombres y una mujer, edad media de 24,6 años. Sometidos a radiografías laterales de la columna lumbar en ortostasis en los siguientes posicionadores: almohadilla de gel, almohadilla de gel con extensión de cadera, posicionador de cuatro puntos y posicionador tipo Wilson. Resultados: El promedio de LL en posición ortostática fue de 58,76º, en el posicionador de almohadilla de gel fue de 52,51º; en almohadilla de gel con extensión de cadera de 58,23º, 4 puntos 37,63º y, por último, en posicionador tipo Wilson de 40,87º. Se observó una reducción promedio de 5,42º de LL al posicionarse sobre la almohadilla de gel en relación a ortostasis. En el análisis de regresión lineal, los datos presentaron resultados estadísticamente significativos (p<0,05), demostrando que el segmento L4-S1 tiene una influencia de 60% en LL. Conclusión: El posicionador con almohadilla de gel y con extensión de cadera reproduce una LL similar a la fisiológica. Relton-Hall y Wilson con flexión de cadera promueven el posicionamiento hipolordótico en comparación con la lordosis basal. La extensión de la cadera por sí sola fue capaz de generar un aumento de 5,96º en la lordosis. El segmento L4-S1 tiene una influencia del 60% en la LL cuando los individuos están en los posicionadores. Nivel de evidencia III; Estudio Transversal Controlado.